Amiga demos

Amiga demos are demos created for the Commodore Amiga home computer.

A "demo" is a demonstration of the multimedia capabilities of a computer (or more to the point, a demonstration of the skill of the demo's constructors). There was intense rivalry during the 1990s among the best programmers, graphic artists and computer musicians to continually outdo each other's demos. Since the Amiga's hardware was more or less fixed (unlike today's PC industry, where arbitrary combinations of hardware can be put together), there was competition to test the limits of that hardware and perform theoretically "impossible" feats by refactoring the problem at hand. The Amiga was the undisputed leader of mainstream multimedia computing in the late 1980s and early 1990s, though it was inevitably overtaken by PC architecture.

Some Amiga demos, such as the RSI Megademo, or Crionics & The Silents "Hardwired" are considered seminal works in the demo field. New Amiga demos are released even today, although the demo scene has firmly moved onto PC hardware. Many Amiga game developers were active in the demo scene.

The demo scene spearheaded development in multimedia programming techniques for the Amiga, such that it was de rigueur for the latest visual tricks, soundtrackers and 3D algorithms from the demo scene to end up being used in computer game development.

Demo software

Most demos were written in 68000 assembly language, although a few were written in C and other languages. To utilize full hardware performance, Amiga demos were optimized and written entirely for one purpose in assembly (avoiding generic and portable code). Additional performance was achieved by utilizing several co-processors in parallel with the 68000. These co-processors include, Copper (a co-processor for synchronizing custom chipset writes to video display sync) and Blitter (a chip capable of quickly moving blocks of graphical data from one position on the screen to another). Sometimes performance optimizations were so aggressive that operating system control had to be disabled during a demo to avoid a crash or to achieve real-time rendering.

Antitrax 2010 (ATX) released the very first "megademo", called Antitrax 2010 Megademo, in 1987.

Eric Schwartz produced a series of animated demos that ran with MoviePlayer, an animation software package similar to Macromedia Flash. The animated demos drew heavily on the whimsy and graphic style of comic strips.

Red Sector Incorporated (RSI) produced a piece of software called the RSI Demomaker, which allowed users to script their own demos, replete with scrolltext, vectorballs, plasma screens, etc.

Full demos range from under 128 KB to several megabytes. There have been several thousand demos produced in many countries. Some active demo countries were Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sweden, UK, Poland and others.

Intros

Smaller demos are often known as intros. They are typically limited to between 4 and 64KB in size. Intros were originally used as tags by cracking groups on computer games and other software. The purpose of the intro was to advertise cracking and distribution skill of a particular group. Later it developed into a stand-alone art form. Many demo and intro groups disassociated themselves from the cracking and copying scene, although the same people could still be involved in it.

Ripping

The Amiga thrived on public domain, freeware and other not-for-profit development. The architecture provided no substantial mechanism for protecting software from inspection. In order to read the memory one simply performed a hot reset (which preserved the contents of RAM) and then booted to a dedicated floppy disk that could inspect and dump the memory's contents. It was therefore common for developers and hackers to "rip" music, graphics and code and then reuse it in their own productions. This led to intense competition in certain fields, for example, in the development of sound tracking software and Tetris clones, with each group of developers trying to outdo the current state of the art. In fact, some demos even featured their source code as part of the executable to save hackers the trouble of disassembly, though it came strewn with incendiary comments for those who would seek to improve on it.

List of Amiga demo groups

Note: These are only groups with articles on Wikipedia.

• Equinox
• Melon Dezign
• Northstar
• Pygmy Projects
• Red Sector Incorporated
• Sanity
• Spaceballs
• Spreadpoint
• The Black Lotus
• Tristar and Red Sector Incorporated
• Virtual Dreams

List of Amiga demos

Note: These are only demos with articles on Wikipedia. For more demos, refer to the external links below.

• Lech by Freezers (winner of Eastern Conference 1995 demo competition)
• Nine Fingers by Spaceballs (4th at The Party 1993 demo competition)
• State of the Art by Spaceballs (winner of The Party 1992 demo competition)

External links

• Amiga Demoscene Archive
• Amigascne FTP site
• BitWorld Amiga Demoscene Database, Database of over 20000 demos for the Amiga. There is also an alternative search frontend at ExoticA
• Scene.org
• Classicamiga.com - Amiga Demoscene directory
• Amigademos.org An archive of Amiga demos